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burn

英[bɜːn] 美[bɜːrn]
  • v. 燃烧；烧着；烧毁；灼伤；急于
  • n. 烧伤；燃烧
burned/burnt burned/burnt burning burns
CET4 TEM4 考 研 CET6

详细释义

    v. (动词)
    1. 燃烧，烧
    2. 烧掉，烧伤，烧坏，烧焦，烧着，烧死，烧糊，烧灼
    3. 烫伤
    4. 焚毁，烧毁
    5. 发热
    6. 消耗
    7. 浪费
    8. 发怒，激起...的愤怒
    9. 激动，有强烈的情感
    10. 热切盼望
    11. 快速行进
    12. （使）晒黑，晒伤
    13. 燃烧发出
    14. 腐蚀
    15. 烙
    16. 着火
    17. 火辣辣地痛
    18. 发光，发亮
    19. 发烧，发烫
    20. 使用某物为燃料
    n. (名词)
    1. 烧伤，灼伤，烫伤，火伤
    2. <苏格兰>小河，小溪，溪流
    3. 烙印，烧痕
    4. 灼痛感
    5. 发动
    6. 酸痛感
    7. 卖假毒品给人
    8. 毒品交易中收了钱却不给货
    9. 电击伤
    10. 辐射伤
    11. 烧焦
    v. (动词)
    1. vt. & vi. (使)燃烧 catch fire; be on fire
    2. vt. (火或强酸)烧毁,焚毁,烧伤 be destroy by fire; be damage or injure by fire or acid; be hurt by fire or acid
    3. vt. & vi. 生气,情绪激动 be filled with strong feeling
    n. (名词)
    1. [U][C]烧伤,灼伤 an injury caused by burning
    2. [C]烧痕,烧过的地方 a burned place or area

英英释义

Noun:
  1. pain that feels hot as if it were on fire

  2. a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun

  3. an injury caused by exposure to heat or chemicals or radiation

  4. a place or area that has been burned (especially on a person's body)

  5. damage inflicted by fire

Verb:
  1. destroy by fire;

    "They burned the house and his diaries"

  2. shine intensely, as if with heat;

    "The coals were glowing in the dark"
    "The candles were burning"

  3. undergo combustion;

    "Maple wood burns well"

  4. cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort;

    "The sun burned his face"

  5. cause to burn or combust;

    "The sun burned off the fog"
    "We combust coal and other fossil fuels"

  6. feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion;

    "She was burning with anger"
    "He was burning to try out his new skies"

  7. cause to undergo combustion;

    "burn garbage"
    "The car burns only Diesel oil"

  8. burn at the stake;

    "Witches were burned in Salem"

  9. spend (significant amounts of money);

    "He has money to burn"

  10. feel hot or painful;

    "My eyes are burning"

  11. burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent;

    "The surgeon cauterized the wart"

  12. get a sunburn by overexposure to the sun

  13. create by duplicating data;

    "cut a disk"
    "burn a CD"

  14. use up (energy);

    "burn off calories through vigorous exercise"

  15. burn with heat, fire, or radiation;

    "The iron burnt a hole in my dress"

双语例句

1. The power stations burn coal from the Ruhr region.
发电站烧的煤产自鲁尔地区。

来自柯林斯例句

2. He was a high-earning broker with money to burn.
他是高收入的经纪人，有花不完的钱。

来自柯林斯例句

3. Watch them carefully as they finish cooking because they can burn easily.
就要做好时得小心看着，因为它们很容易烧糊。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Traditional slash and burn farming methods have exhausted the soil.
传统的刀耕火种农业方式耗尽了土地的肥力。

来自柯林斯例句

5. He might burn himself out and go to an early grave.
他可能会因为劳累过度而英年早逝。

来自柯林斯例句

    用作动词 (v.)
    1. Half the candle had burnt away.
      蜡烛已烧去一半。
    2. It's better to burn out than to fade away!
      与其慢慢凋谢,不如灿烂燃烧!
    3. Paper burns easily.
      纸容易着火。
    4. If the satellite returns to earth too fast, it will burn up on the way.
      如果人造卫星返回地球太快,它在归途中就会烧毁了。
    5. He is going to scalp me or burn me at the stake.
      他要剥掉我的头皮或是在火刑柱上烧我。
    6. She is burning to tell you the news.
      她急于要告诉你这消息。
    用作名词 (n.)
    1. Tell him to put cold water on the burn.
      告诉他,在烧伤处敷凉水。
    2. He died of the burns he received in the fire.
      他因在火灾中受烧伤而死。
    3. It seems that matter is lost when fuels burn.
      似乎燃料燃烧时物质就消失了。
    4. Coal of this quality doesn't burn very easily.
      这种品质的煤不容易燃烧。
    用作动词 (v.)
    用作不及物动词 S+～(+A)
    1. The stove is burning.
      炉火在烧着。
    2. You'd better keep the fire burning in the evening.
      你最好晚上让炉火继续燃烧。
    3. The fire is burning briskly.
      炉火烧得很旺。
    4. The oil is burning.
      油在燃烧。
    5. The forest was burning furiously.
      森林在熊熊地燃烧。
    6. Stone won't burn.
      石头不会燃烧。
    7. Paper burns easily.
      纸容易燃烧。
    8. Buildings were smashed and burning and rubble heaps blocked many streets.
      许多楼房倒塌,正在燃烧,瓦砾堆堵塞了许多街道。
    9. That place was burning fast.
      那个地方火势很猛。
    10. All the lights were burning.
      所有的灯都亮着。
    11. His heart was burning like fire.
      他的心像火烧一样。
    12. His spirit burns as warm as in youth.
      他的精神和年轻时一样旺盛。
    13. The milk has burned.
      牛奶已烧焦。
    14. The meat is burning.
      肉糊了。
    用作系动词 S+～+ adj.
    1. The fire burned red.
      火烧得通红。
    2. The sky burned bright.
      天空烧得明亮。
    3. The old man was burning hot and breathing with difficulty.
      老人正在发着高烧,呼吸也困难。
    用作及物动词 S+～+ n./pron.
    1. She would not say a word even though the enemy threatened to burn her.
      尽管敌人威胁要烧死她,但她依然只字未说。
    2. The child burnt his fingers while playing with fire.
      那孩子玩火时烧伤了自己的手指。
    3. Some acids are strong enough to burn the wood.
      有些酸的酸性强得可以烧坏木头。
    4. The milk is very hot; don't burn your mouth.
      牛奶很热,不要烫了嘴。
    5. She burnt her leg badly.
      她的一条腿严重烫伤了。
    6. The pepper burnt his tongue.
      辣椒辣得他舌头发烧。
    7. What burnt him after all?
      到底是什么激怒了他?
      8. 1
    8. She was burnt in a raging fire while working in a factory.
      她在工厂劳动时被烈火烧伤了。
    9. The potatoes were burnt.
      土豆给煮糊了。
    S+～+ n./pron. +to- v
    1. People used to burn an oil lamp to get light.
      从前人们点油灯照明。
    2. Many people burn wood to keep themselves warm in winter.
      许多人冬天烧木柴取暖。
    用作宾补动词 S+～+ n./pron. + adj.
    1. The sun burnt him quite black.
      他晒得很黑。
      2. 1
    2. More than forty people were burnt alive.
      有40多人被活活烧死了。
    3. The bread is burnt black and hard.
      面包被烤得又黑又老。
    其他 v -ed as Attrib.
    1. A burnt child dreads the fire.
      一次被火烧,见火就害怕。
    S+be+burning+to- v
    1. They were burning to avenge the death of their leader.
      他们极为激动地要为他们首领之死报仇。
    2. My younger brother is burning to go to the countryside.
      我弟弟渴望着下乡。
    3. She was burning to buy a computer.
      她很想买台电脑。
    v -ing as Attrib.
    1. It is burning hot.
      太热了。
    用作名词 (n.)
    1. The firemen suffered severe burns.
      消防队员被严重烧伤。
    2. The lariat gave me a rope burn.
      我被套马绳勒伤了。
    3. He suffered a second-degree burn on the face.
      他的面部受二度烧伤。
    4. She is suffering from radiation burns.
      她由于辐射灼伤而受着痛苦。
    5. If drops of sulphuric acid splashed anyone it would cause burns and blisters.
      硫酸溅在身上,皮肤就会烧伤起泡。
    6. He is being treated for minor-degree burns.
      他受到轻度烧伤,正在治疗中。
    7. The serious burn on her hand was caused by a hot iron.
      她手上那块严重的烧伤是被熨斗烫伤的。
    8. I smell the burn of rubber.
      我闻到了烧橡胶的气味。
    9. Don't lie too long in the sun or you will get a painful burn.
      不要在太阳底下躺太久,不然你的皮肤会晒痛的。
    10. The burn of the antiseptic made him wince.
      消毒剂的刺痛使他连忙缩手。
    11. He had two X-ray burns on the back.
      他背上有两处X射线灼伤。
    12. There were cosmetic burns on her face.
      她脸上有几处化妆性烧伤。
    13. Cases of major burns require medical treatment and hospitalization.
      严重烧伤病人需要住院治疗。
    14. The child was rescued from the fire, but died soon of terrible burns.
      这个孩子被人从大火中救出,但不久就死于严重的烧伤。
    15. The cigar burns in the rug are very eye-catching.
      地毯被雪茄烟烧坏留下的痕迹很显眼。
    16. There is a burn on the table top.
      桌面上有一块烧伤的痕迹。

用法讲解

v. (动词)
  1. burn的基本意思是“烧”,指“燃烧”(自燃或人为点燃),也可指“烧伤”(各种原因如烧、烫、烤等及各种程度)。引申则可表示“情绪激动”(如怒火中烧)。
  2. burn可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时后接名词或代词作宾语,有时还可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。burn可用于被动结构。
  3. burn还可用作系动词,接形容词作表语。
  4. burn的过去式和过去分词有两种形式, burned或burnt。英式英语中用作不及物动词或用作比喻时用burned,用作及物动词或形容词时用burnt; 美式英语中一般只用burned,只有过去分词作形容词时才用burnt。
  5. burn作不及物动词用于现在进行体时,若主语为物,则主动形式含有被动意思。
  6. burn的现在分词burning可用作形容词,在句中作表语,后接动词不定式表示“渴望的”“热衷于”。burning也可修饰形容词,带有口语色彩,着重强调。
n. (名词)
  1. burn用作名词时有3个意思:①“烧”,指抽象的燃烧动作或状态,是不可数名词; ②“伤”,指烧伤或刺痛,是可数名词; ③“痕”,指烧过或烧伤的痕迹,是可数名词。
v. (动词)
burn down, burn out, burn up
  • 这三个短语都可表示“烧光”。其区别是：
  • burn down强调把某物“烧毁”,除此之外还可表示火势“减弱”。例如:
  • The fire burns down slowly.火慢慢地熄灭了。
  • burn out强调“燃烧完了”。例如:
  • The match soon burnt out.火柴很快烧完了。
  • burn up除表示“烧光”外,还可表示“烧了起来”。例如:
  • The fire burnt up suddenly.火突然烧了起来。
    • burn, char, scorch, sear, singe
  • 这组词都有“烧伤,烫伤”的意思。burn包含的意思最广泛,可指火、热、酸等所伤,但不强调损坏的程度。scorch侧重于表面受伤,强调表面变色,有时损伤到内部组织。char指全部或部分地烧焦。sear指烧或烤干表面,使其坚硬或干燥,尤指烧灼动物的肌肉。singe指烧去表皮上的短毛。
    • 下面两个短语意思不同:
  • all the burned wood 所有烧掉的木材(过去分词表动作)
  • all the burnt wood 所有烧焦的木材(过去分词用作形容 词表性质)
    • 下面两句意思相同:
  • The candle was burned out at midnight.
  • The candle burned itself out at midnight.
  • 蜡烛在半夜时烧完了。

    • 常见错误

    v. (动词)
      孩子们充满了好奇心。

      误 The children were burned with curiosity.

      正 The children were burning with curiosity.

      析 be burning with是习惯用法,表示“充满了某种情感”,若前无be的话则可以用过去式。

      那个男孩在火中被烧死了。

      误 That boy was burnt down.

      正 That boy was burnt to death.

      析 “人被烧死”决不能说burn down,而应该说burn to death。

      这个被烧伤的女孩害怕火。

      误 The burned girl dreads the fire.

      正 The burnt girl dreads the fire.

      析 当过去分词作定语时,通常用burnt而不用burned。

    词源解说

    • ☆ 13世纪进入英语，直接源自古北欧语和古英语的brenna；最初源自原始日耳曼语的brennan，意为燃烧，点燃，着火。
    用作动词 (v.)
    burn away (v.+adv.)
      继续燃烧; 烧毁,烧掉(某物) continue burning; destroy (sth) by burning
      burn away

      The fire was burning away cheerfully.

      炉火融融。

      The forest fire burnt away for days.

      森林大火烧了好几天。

      The fire burned away for five days.

      火一直烧了五天。

      Half of the oil in the lamp had burned away.

      灯里的油已经烧掉了一半。

      burn sth ⇔ away

      The sunlight has burnt away the haze.

      日光使烟雾消散了。

      Half the candle had been burnt away.

      蜡烛已烧掉了一半。

      When the pilot reached hospital, it was found that tissue had been burnt away from his face and hands.

      当那个飞行员被送到医院时,人们发现他脸上和双手的组织都烧坏了。

      The skin on his feet was burnt away.

      他脚上的皮被烧掉了。

    burn down (v.+adv.)
      (使)烧毁 (cause to) be destroyed by fire
      burn down

      The fire burns down slowly.

      火慢慢地变弱了。

      When the firemen came the fire has burned down.

      当消防员到的时候,火已经快灭了。

      Let's leave the fire to burn down and go into our tents.

      让火自己慢慢熄灭,我们进帐篷吧。

      The room grew colder as the fire burnt down.

      随着炉火渐渐减弱,屋子变得越来越冷了。

      burn down

      The house burnt down in half an hour.

      那所房子在半小时之内就被烧光了。

      burn sth ⇔ down

      The demonstrators burned police vans down.

      示威者烧毁了数辆警车。

      Don't leave the gas on— you might burn the house down.

      别忘了关煤气炉——不然会把房子烧掉的。

      The enemy soldiers burnt all the houses down.

      敌兵烧毁了所有的房屋。

      A fire burnt the house down.

      一场火将房子烧毁了。

      The puppet troops burnt the whole village down.

      伪军焚毁了整个村庄。

      The magistrates are allowed to burn house down while the common people are forbidden even to light lamps.

      只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。

      The old house was burnt down and only ashes were left.

      那座老房子被火烧光了,只剩下灰烬。

      A number of houses were burned down in the fire.

      在火灾中,好些房子给烧毁了。

      The city was all burnt down during the war.

      战争期间这座城市全部给烧毁了。

    burn for (v.+prep.)
      渴望(成功等) desire (sth such as success) greatly
    burn in (v.+adv.)
      留下不可磨灭的印象 fix by burning, so that removal is impossible; fix in the mind, so that removal is impossible
      burn in

      What he heard burnt in.

      他听到的话给他留下了不可磨灭的印象。

      What we have seen and heard in China burnt in.

      我们在中国的所见所闻给我们留下不可磨灭的印象。

    burn into (v.+prep.)
      形成(某种习惯、看法等) fix (an idea, etc.) so that it cannot be removed
      burn into sth

      His words burnt into my mind.

      他的话使我毕生难忘。

      The sight of such poverty burned into his soul.

      这贫穷的景象使他毕生难忘。

      burn sth into sth

      Some letters had been burnt into the wood.

      木头上烙了一些字。

      The owner's mark was burnt into the animal's skin.

      那头牲口身上烙有主人的印记。

      That day is burnt into my memory.

      那一天我毕生难忘。

      burn sth into sb

      The habit of obedience was burned into me as a child.

      我从小就养成了顺从的习惯。

    burn off (v.+adv.)
      用火烧从(地里)清除谷物残茬 remove the remains of grain crops from (a field)
    burn out (v.+adv.)
      (使)失去活力,(使)垮掉 (cause to) stop being active
      burn sb/sth ⇔ out

      Flames burnt out two adjoining houses.

      大火将附近两幢房子烧得只剩空架子了。

      We'll burn out the rats in the hole.

      我们要用火把洞里的老鼠赶出来。

      The building was burnt out and only the walls remained.

      那幢建筑物除了墙以外都烧光了。

      The factory was completely burnt out.

      这家工厂被完全焚毁了。

      The car has been burnt out.

      这辆小汽车烧得只剩下一个空壳了。

      The plane was completely burnt out after the crash.

      飞机坠毁后烧得只剩一个空壳。

      The family were burnt out of their home twice last year.

      这个家庭去年两次因着火而无家可归。

      Thousands of people were burned out and made homeless overnight.

      成千上万的人被大火赶出了家门,一夜之间变得无家可归。

      burn out

      The oil lamp burnt out.

      油灯因油燃尽而熄灭了。

      The light bulb in the bathroom burned out and father put in a new one.

      洗澡间的电灯烧坏了,父亲装上了一个新的。

      burn sth ⇔ out

      He burnt out the clutch on his car.

      他把他汽车上的离合器烧坏了。

      During the long race he burned out his brakes.

      他在那次长距离比赛中把刹车片用坏了。

      The fire burned itself out.

      大火不再烧了。

      burn oneself/sth ⇔ out

      The farmer burned out his field by planting the same crop every year for many years.

      这农民多年来一直种同一种作物,把土地的肥力都耗尽了。

      The poet burned out his ability before he was thirty.

      那个诗人的才能在30岁前已经枯竭了。

      Bill burned himself out in the first part of the race and could not finish.

      比尔在赛跑一开始就耗尽了力气,结果没有跑完全程。

      You'll burn yourself out if you work too hard.

      你要是太辛苦的话,会累垮的。

      Mary was warned not to burn herself out with too much work.

      有人提醒玛丽,不要工作过度累坏身体。

      When we got back from the cinema we found that the fire had burnt itself out.

      当我们从电影院回来时,火已经燃尽了。

      The last time I saw him, he looked completely burned out.

      我最后一次见到他时,他看上去已经彻底累垮了。

    burn to (v.+prep.)
      烧死某人 kill sb with fire
    burn up (v.+adv.)
      斥责(某人); 使(某人)发怒 scold (sb); cause (sb) to be very angry
      burn up

      If you put on more coal the fire will burn up.

      你加点煤火就会旺起来。

      burn sb/sth ⇔ up

      He threw a log on the fire, and it was burned up with a crackle.

      他扔了一块木柴在火上,使它劈劈啪啪地燃了起来。

      burn sth ⇔ up

      The fire burned up more than ￡ 50,000 worth of antiques.

      这次大火烧毁了价值50,000英镑的古董。

      We burnt up all the garden rubbish.

      我们将花园中的垃圾全部烧掉了。

      The spacecraft was burned up when it re-entered the earth's atmosphere.

      那艘宇宙飞船再次进入地球大气层时因高温被焚毁。

      If lightning strikes, the haystack will be burned up in no time.

      这堆干草如果受到闪电轰击很快就会烧光。

      The house was burned up before the firemen got there.

      救火队员到达前房子已烧光了。

      burn sb ⇔ up

      The boy's rudeness burned up his teacher.

      那个男孩的无理行为使老师大发雷霆。

      He always burned up his mother.

      他老使他妈妈发火。

      It burned me up that she was not promoted.

      她没有被提升,这使我很气愤。

      It burns me up the way she treated me.

      她这般对待我使我大冒肝火。

      He was all burned up about it.

      他对这事很生气。

    burn with (v.+prep.)
      充满,被…煎熬 feel (sth) strongly
    用作动词 (v.)
    ～+形容词 ～+名词 ～+副词 ～+介词
    用作名词 (n.)
    动词+～ 形容词+～ 名词+～ ～+介词

    相关词汇

    【邻近词汇】

    burner Burmese burns Burnu burny Burne Burno burnt burnin Burnot Burnol Burnat

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