详细释义
- 指示
- 教
- 【律】委派
- 委托
- 命令
- 教授
- 通知
- 吩咐
- 告知
- 指导
- 教导
- 向…提供事实情况
- 训令
- 教诲
- 教益
- 训练
- 教养
- 传授
- 委托（律师）
- 托办
- 教育
- 向…传授知识
v. (动词)
- vt. 命令,指示 give orders or directions to
- vt. 教,指导 give knowledge or information to
- vt. 通知 inform
v. (动词)
英英释义
Verb:
-
impart skills or knowledge to;
"I taught them French"
"He instructed me in building a boat"
-
give instructions or directions for some task;
"She instructed the students to work on their pronunciation"
-
make aware of;
"Have the students been apprised of the tuition hike?"
双语例句
- His uncle instructed him in French.
他的叔叔教他法语。 - Don't instruct your secretary to say you are out when you are in.
不要教你的秘书在你在的时候说不在。 - It does not pertain to the young to instruct their elders.
年轻人不应该对老年人发号施令。 - Please instruct me how to do my work.
请指导一下我如何工作。 - The customer can instruct the computer to perform financial services.
顾客可指示计算机进行金融服务。
用作动词 (v.)
- The sergeant was instructing the soldiers.
那位军士在指导士兵。 - She instructs music once a week at a middle school.
在中学，她每周教一次音乐课。 - My agent has instructed me that you still owe me ￡50.
我的代理人通知我,你还欠我50英镑。
1
- I have been instructed that the defendant is unwell, and I therefore adjourn the case.
我得到通知说被告生病,因此,我延期审理此案。 - The union issued an order instructing its members not to work overtime.
工会发出指示,不让会员超时工作。 - The captain instructed the soldiers to retreat.
上尉命令士兵们撤退。
1
- I've been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives.
我被命令在这儿等候,一直到那位老师来后再走。 - I instructed him how to do the work.
我教他怎样干这项工作。 - I will instruct him whether to come today or tomorrow.
我将通知他是今天来还是明天来。
1
- Have you been instructed when to start?
你是否得到关于出发时间的通知了? - We should instruct the passengers what customs regulations are.
我们应该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.
用法讲解
v. (动词)
- instruct的基本意思是“命令,指示”,多指上级对下级发号施令,也可指“教,讲授”,引申可指“通知”。
- instruct多接指人的名词或代词作宾语,作“通知”解时还可接双宾语,其直接宾语可由that从句充当。instruct还可接以带或不带疑问词的动词不定式或wh-从句充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。
v. (动词)
- instruct, charge, command, direct, enjoin
-
- 这组词都有“发出命令”的意思。其区别是：
- command表示“命令,指挥”,强调强制性; enjoin表示“命令,迫使”,强调权威性,含有督促或警告的意味; direct表示“命令,指示”,强调指示和对指示的遵从; instruct表示“命令,指令”,常可和direct相互换用,但instruct更为正式,多用于商业、官方、外交关系中; charge表示“命令,指示”,为文学用语,侧重布置任务或委以重托。
- instruct, coach, educate, school, teach, train, tutor
-
- 这组词的共同意思是“教”,指向学生传授知识、技能等,但含义和用法上有所区别：
- 1.teach的概念最广泛,意义最普通,可以指讲授一门课程,也可指传授一种技能,也可能仅指帮助别人能解决一些问题或处理事情。而instruct, educate, train和school则各有其侧重点。instruct强调的是“系统性”; educate强调的是“总体性”; train强调的是“方向性”,而school强调的则是“严格性”。现分述如下：
- ①instruct与teach的区别在于其“系统性”,即“系统教授”,内容上是系统的知识,方法上是连续地、正式地。例如:
- Dr. Williams instructs classes in algebra.威廉博士教代数课。
- ②educate比teach更为正式,强调的是教育的总目标和培养结果,内容很广泛,所花的时间也较长,教育的内容不仅是知识,更多的是做人的道理,如：世界观、性格、品质等。例如:
- The poor boy had to educate himself in the evening after finishing his work.这可怜的孩子只有在工作完以后的晚上自学。
- Some schools teach, but fail to educate their students.有些学校只教给学生知识,却忽略了育人。
- We are educated under the Party.我们受党的教育。
- ③train指的“教育”带有明显的方向性,或者造就某方面需要的人才,或者是训练某种特殊技能,以达到体力极佳、智力极强、反应极敏锐,从而迅速地胜任某种工作、任务或参加某比赛,也可以用于驯服动物或使植物向某方向生长。在训练方法上, train指由易到难,循序渐进,在这一点上与instruct有些接近。例如:
- They were trained as animal doctors in this school.他们在这所学校里得到训练,成为兽医。
- He is specially trained for this kind of work.为了胜任这种工作,他曾受过特殊训练。
- The old farmer trained his horse to do farm work for him.老农夫训练他的马为他干农活。
- Mother tried to train the vines over the porch.母亲想引导葡萄藤爬到门廊上面。
- ④school强调教育和训练的严格性,指在某一方面进行特别严格的训练,也指学会忍耐难以忍受之事或锻炼和严格约束自己处理一些复杂困难事情的意思。例如:
- She was schooled in foreign languages.她在外语方面受到过严格训练。
- His father was schooled in Harvard.他的父亲是在哈佛大学受教育的。
- The parents schooled their children in politeness.家长们严格教育子女们讲礼貌。
- He was schooled by life itself.生活本身锻炼了他。
- 2.teach和instruct在用法上也不同, teach接sb sth; 而instruct接sb in sth。试比较下面两个句子：
- Mr. Smith taught us English.
- Mr. Smith instructed us in English.
- 史密斯先生教我们英语。
- 另外,两词接to- v 时意思也不同：teach sb to- v 的意思是“教某人做某事”,而instruct sb to- v 的意思是命令或通知某人做某事。例如:
- He taught us to run the machine.他教我们开机器。
- We are instructed when to start.已有人通知我们何时出发。
- 3.tutor和coach的含义与上述五个词不同,强调的是“个别性”,向一位专门教师学习,或在某小组中学习,即进行个别辅导。其区别是：
- coach只指补习或辅导,不指教新课,而tutor既可指复习功课,也可指讲授新课。例如:
- I'll coach some of the students this evening.今晚我要辅导几个学生。
- He is coaching a basketball team.他正在指导一个篮球队。
- The teacher tutors him to play the piano.这位教师教他弹钢琴。
- I offered to tutor him in English.我建议替他补习英文。
- teach，instruct，educate，coach，train，tutor
-
- 这些动词均含“教，教育，培养”之意。
- teach最普通用词，含义广泛。指直接教某人知识或技能等，侧重传播知识和帮助应用知识。
- instruct与teach含义很接近，但语体较正式。指系统、详细、精心地传播知识，侧重教授与指示。
- educate较正式用词，指教育，内容比teach广泛，侧重动机或结果，或对潜在能力的开发。
- coach指对个人或小组等进行辅导、训练或补课。
- train指训练与培养。
- tutor指进行个别教学或课外辅导。
用作动词 (v.)
- instruct in( v.+prep. )
-
-
向…讲授…give sb formal knowledge of (a subject)
instruct sb in sth/v-ingDr. Williams instructs us in botany.
威廉博士教我们植物学。
The college will need an additional teacher to instruct the boys in cooking.
这所技术学校需要增加一名教员来向学生传授烹调技术。
The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.
士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词
- instruct soldier 命令士兵
- instruct students 指导学生
- instruct diligently 辛勤指导
- instruct formally 正式通知
- instruct tediously 令人厌烦地讲授
- instruct sb about sth 就某事给某人以指导; instruct in向…讲授…
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